Comparing Concentration Levels and Emotional States of Children Using Electroencephalography during Horticultural and Nonhorticultural Activities

This study aimed to compare the brain activity and emotional states of elementary school students during horticultural nonhorticultural activities. A total 30 participants with a mean age 11.4 ± 1.3 years were included. experiment was conducted at Konkuk University campus in Korea. Participants performed activities such as harvesting, planting, sowing seeds, mixing soil. Nonhorticultural included playing ball, solving math problems, watching animation videos, folding paper, reading book. The had crossover experimental design. Brain prefrontal lobes measured by electroencephalography each for 3 minutes. On completion activity, answered subjective emotion questionnaire using semantic differential method (SDM). Results showed that relative theta (RT) power spectrum significantly lower both when engaged harvesting mid beta (RMB) higher ball. ratio RMB RT reflects concentration. increased indicating children’s concentration also increased. sensorimotor rhythm (SMR) from (RSMT), another indicator concentration, right lobe than other Furthermore, SDM results felt more natural relaxed performing Horticultural may improve psychological relaxation children. Harvesting most effective improving compared